• A similar symbiotic relationship has been reported in the br

  2021-10-28

  

  A similar symbiotic relationship has been reported in the brain, where increased gradients of lactate secreted by astrocytes enables neurons to import and use this nutrient, a process referred to the ‘neuron–astrocyte lactate shuttle’ [16]. Similarly, lactate-based metabolic coupling established by

• The need for an inflammatory risk

  2021-10-28

  

  The need for an ‘inflammatory risk profile’ was recently discussed by several investigators. The present study is all the more significant in that it shows that a phenomenon that is influenced by various atherosclerotic risk factors and acute phase proteins is, indeed, associated with a less favorab

• The post translational modification O GlcNAcylation

  2021-10-28

  

  The post-translational modification O-GlcNAcylation is also dependent upon glucose fluctuations. O-GlcNAcylation has been linked to insulin resistance and glucose toxicity in diabetes and its comorbidities [11]. O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic modification tightly regulated by the nutritional sensor UD

• Two pathways have emerged to explain the beneficial metaboli

  2021-10-28

  

  Two pathways have emerged to explain the beneficial metabolic effect of Roux-en-Y bypass [Fig. 3]. Firstly, the rapid delivery of nutrients to the distal small intestine and bowel might up-regulate secretion of a physiological stimulus that improves glucose homeostasis. As such, GLP-1 represents an

• Bile acids BAs are detergent

  2021-10-28

  

  Bile acids (BAs) are detergent-like amphipathic molecules synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the intestine after food intake in order to facilitate the akt inhibitor of dietary lipids and liposoluble vitamins. BAs travel along the intestine and o

• Here we show that Jmjd a zebrafish JmjC

  2021-10-28

  

  Here, we show that Jmjd3, a zebrafish JmjC domain-containing protein, possesses H3K27 histone demethylase activity in vivo, and down-regulation of jmjd3 leads to significant reduction of primitive and definitive myelopoiesis. Importantly, we have demonstrated that jmjd3 directly upregulates spi1 exp

• br Introduction Lysine acetylation is an important post

  2021-10-28

  

  Introduction Lysine acetylation is an important post-translational modification that is found on numerous cellular proteins, including both histone and non-histone proteins [1], [2]. Dynamic acetylation and deacetylation is regulated by enzymes called histone acetyltransferases (HATs) as writers

• The importance of the histone chaperone function of Hat p

  2021-10-28

  

  The importance of the histone chaperone function of Hat1p was highlighted by the recent demonstration that the catalytic activity of Hat1p is not sufficient for its function in vivo. Fusion of a nuclear export signal (NES) to yeast Hat1p effectively excluded the enzyme from the nucleus, with a conco

• Aurora kinase B AURKB and

  2021-10-27

  

  Aurora kinase B (AURKB) and haploid cell-specific protein kinase (Haspin) are two well-known participants in N-terminal histone H3 phosphorylations during mitosis. A related role played by these kinases relates to the fact that AURKB is activated by Haspin promoted phosphorylation at T3. Irrespectiv

• The intracellular signaling that mediates the

  2021-10-27

  

  The intracellular signaling that mediates the adipogenesis induced by GPR120 still remains largely unknown. In the present study we showed that TUG-891 induced the activation of [Ca2+]i and ERK1/2 signaling in 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover, incubation of TUG-891 combined with BAPTA-AM or U0126 abolished TU

• Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus GDM

  2021-10-27

  

  Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications associated with pregnancy [1]. Approximately 7.6% of pregnancies in the United States are complicated by GDM [2,3], which significantly increases the mother's risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) later in l

• br Material and methods br Result br Discussion The

  2021-10-27

  

  Material and methods Result Discussion The female with well-differentiated endometrial cancer, especially those in the reproductive age have a strong desire to preserve fertility. Therefore, conservative medical treatment with progestin is widely used in the clinic. However, up to 30% of pa

• Heterocysts provide the required microoxic

  2021-10-27

  

  Heterocysts provide the required microoxic environment for the oxygen-sensitive N2-fixing nitrogenase enzyme complex. This environment is formed during heterocyst development. Developing heterocysts inactivate photosystem II and degrade antenna pigments, thereby decreasing oxygenic photosynthesis (F

• Nowadays there is no information

  2021-10-27

  

  Nowadays, there is no information if bifunctionality is an exclusive trait of the order Methanococcales or if this characteristic is shared by other orders from archaea, like Methanosarcinales. These organisms are mainly methanogenic, and are not able to use exogenous hexoses as carbon source for ce

• Analgesic activity was evaluated by measuring tail flick lat

  2021-10-27

  

  Analgesic activity was evaluated by measuring tail flick latencies to the immersion of rat’s tail in water, maintained at ∼51°C [18] after recovery from anesthesia. Typically, rats were immobilized inside a restrainer, leaving only the tail exposed, which was then immersed into the hot water bath, a

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