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Materials and Methods br Results br Discussion Activation of
2022-07-12

Materials and Methods Results Discussion Activation of TLRs by damage-associated patterns is a well-recognized trigger for inflammation. TLR ligation results in a large increase in glycolytic metabolism in macrophages and other immune cells,12, 27 and we hypothesized that the glycolytic metab
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In mice iNKT cells are most frequent among liver
2022-07-12

In mice, iNKT cells are most frequent (20–30%) among liver T lymphocytes, while they only constitute 0.4–1% of the total T cells in thymus, bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, and intraepithelial lymphocytes. In humans, iNKT cells constitute approximately only a 0.1–0.2% of the peripheral blood T lymph
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Because of its excellent GPR potency good
2022-07-12

Because of its excellent GPR119 potency, good hERG selectivity and favorable rat t, SU6656 receptor was scaled-up and further profiled. The synthetic protocols described in , were both suitable for a multi-gram scale synthesis of compound . An off-target screen was performed against an extensive
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In previous work we showed that benzophenanthridines
2022-07-11

In previous work we showed that benzophenanthridines do not affect the surface expression of GlyT1 (Jursky and Baliova, 2011). The results from the surface biotinylation studies reported in Fig. 3 show that the surface expression of the Y370F mutant is not significanly affected by the alkaloids in t
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Overall the multiple nucleic acid hybridization method is
2022-07-11

Overall, the multiple nucleic PYR-41 mg hybridization method is useful for detecting specific transcripts within tissues of nematodes. The present study suggests that Peq-pgp-11 and Peq-pgp-16 mRNAs are expressed in many tissues of Parascaris. Our results indicate that Pgps could protect nematodes
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br Endogenous lipids as SLC transporter modulators Lipids
2022-07-11

Endogenous lipids as SLC6 transporter modulators Lipids constitute part of the environment in which membrane-embedded transporters operate [62]. Endogenous lipids can act as inhibitory ligands [63] or functionally important components of the membrane that impart changes in transporter structure [
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To further investigate if GPR
2022-07-11

To further investigate if GPR40 was the functional target of these phenylpropiolic guggulsterone analogs, GW-1100, a selective antagonist of GPR40-mediated Ca2+ elevations in HEK293 cells with an IC50 value equal to 1 μM, was used to inhibit agonist-induced intracellular calcium flux [15]. HEK293-GP
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br Cell origin The ontogeny of
2022-07-11

Cell origin The ontogeny of astrocytes in vitro has been investigated in detail; Raff et al. (1983) characterised two types of astrocytes: type 1 being fibroblast-like in morphology and poorly labelled with a monoclonal antibody (AB25), whereas type 2 exhibited oligodendrocyte or neuron-like morp
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported
2022-07-11

Acknowledgements This work was supported by the grants from National key Basic Research Program of China (2012CB124702), 948 Program (2015-Z33), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31172093, 31301947), the National Science Foundation for Fostering Talents in Basic Research (J1103510), S
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2022-07-11

Materials and methods Results Discussion Quercetin is a relatively abundant bioactive flavonoid with a wide variety of documented physiological effects, which has gained popularity as a nutritional supplement [40]. There is increasing interest in quercetin's anticancer properties (for recen
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It is important to control
2022-07-11

It is important to control hyperglycaemia because it can contribute to serious complications. Hyperglycaemia can be managed by maintaining stable blood glucose levels inside the normal range. This can be achieved by various strategies such as diet, medications and exercise (O’Keefe & Bell, 2007). Se
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br Introduction Maintaining blood glucose
2022-07-11

Introduction Maintaining blood glucose within an appropriate range is crucial for survival. In diabetes, those who suffer episodes of severe hypoglycemia have an increased risk of death [1], [2]. The ml7 synthesis is especially dependent on an adequate, continuous supply of circulating glucose to
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The usefulness of GIP R antagonism for the treatment
2022-07-11

The usefulness of GIP-R antagonism for the treatment of obesity-diabetes has been revealed in numerous studies employing knockout or chemical blockade of GIP-R signalling.*88, 89, *90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, *97 For example, sub-chronic daily administration of (Pro3)GIP to ob/ob mice results in sig
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Ning et al showed that LPC appeared to
2022-07-11

Ning et al. showed that LPC 18:1 appeared to increase insulin release through both GPR119-dependent and -independent mechanisms (Ning et al., 2008). In our study, we have shown that not only GPR119 but also GPR40 and GPR55 participate in LPC-stimulated insulin secretion (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) and target p
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IOX 1 australia br Introduction The brain contains abundant
2022-07-11

Introduction The brain contains abundant fatty acids, which serve as constituents of membranes and as an energy source. In addition, fatty acids and their metabolites contribute to signal transduction between neurons or neurons and glial cells, suggesting that fatty acids play a crucial role in d
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