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These contrasting results observed with intra BNST combined
2019-08-15
These contrasting results observed with intra-BNST combined injections of NOC-9 and CP 376395 on freezing (in the novel arena) versus anxiety-related behavior (in the EPM) suggest that CRF neurotransmission within this forebrain limbic site could be mainly involved in the modulation of more subtle a
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Next to organophosphates carbamates and
2019-08-15
Next to organophosphates, carbamates and metals, cholinesterase activity can also be affected by other pesticides, such as newer generation neonicotinoid insecticides (NN). NNs do not inhibit AChE activity via the organophosphate-sensitive binding site of the enzyme, but rather, by acting as a struc
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A growing body of data indicates that endothelial NOS
2019-08-15
A growing body of data indicates that endothelial NOS (eNOS) is a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), its downstream FSLLRY-NH2 molecule. High pathological concentrations of NO produced from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induce apoptosis, whereas a reduction in the concentrat
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We and others have previously found that
2019-08-15
We and others have previously found that supplementation of old rats with ALCAR remediates the age-related decay in mitochondrial bioenergetics in liver (Hagen et al., 1998a, Hagen et al., 1998b), heart (Paradies et al., 1994, Paradies et al., 1999), muscle (Pesce et al., 2010) and Thymidine powder
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Since its inception ADEPT approach
2019-08-15
Since its inception, ADEPT approach has been widely reported by many groups using a variety of enzymes and prodrugs (see reviews) [12], [14]. Both mammalian and non-mammalian enzymes have been utilised. Of the mammalian variety, human β-glucuronidase in combination with many prodrugs [17], [18] and
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Cdc which is involved in filopodium formation and Rac which
2019-08-14
Cdc42, which is involved in filopodium formation, and Rac1, which is involved in lamellipodium formation, engage in cross-talk with one another [25,26,30,31]. In general, filopodium formation precedes lamellipodium formation, and filopodium formation (Cdc42 activity) suppresses lamellipodium formati
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Six substrate recognition sites SRS SRS have been identified
2019-08-14
Six substrate recognition sites (SRS1-SRS6) have been identified at positions 102-123, 204-209, 238-244, 301-319, 374-382 and 483-492 (Table 2, underlined residues) based on Gotoh\'s proposal [30]. CYP3A163 displays the similar characteristic long sequences between helices F and G presenting two add
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In some pancreatic and non pancreatic tissues the chloride
2019-08-14
In some pancreatic and non-pancreatic tissues, the chloride and calcium channels are heavily regulated by phosphorylation by protein kinases, such as PKC, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), PKCaMKII, PI3K and protein tyrosine kinases [7,36,37]. Since the interaction of triterpenes with recep
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Enzyme selectivity of many enzymes like
2019-08-14
Enzyme selectivity of many kinase inhibitors like β-galactosidases, acylases, epoxyhydrolases, lipases, etc. has also been modulated by using different immobilization techniques. It can result in the selection of optimal biocatalyst for different processes. This has many advantages over strategies
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The significant CRF increase in the
2019-08-14
The significant CRF increase in the DS and the overall changes in the CRF system observed in the VM and DS during the development of sensitization suggest that this neuropeptide (and possibly urocortin) contributes to the specific molecular alterations occurring in the mesolimbic pathway that suppor
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br Outcome of COX overexpression Although a
2019-08-14
Outcome of COX-2 overexpression Although a causal role for COX-2 has been proposed, mechanisms by which COX-2 function contributes to the pathogenesis of hyperplastic disease are not well defined. To examine if there is any correlation between COX-2 and p53 protein levels, Kumagai et al. [15] rec
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br Introduction br Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids
2019-08-14
Introduction Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids, are fundamental constituents of all eukaryotic membranes and their metabolism is carried out by a broad array of anabolic and Thymidine with ceramide as their hub (for a review, (Hannun and Obeid, 2018)). Ceramide can be formed by multiple pa
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br NADH and NADPH Turnover and the Putative
2019-08-14
NADH and NADPH Turnover and the Putative Role of Alternative NAD(P)H Dehydrogenases Still very little is known about the metabolic function of external and internal alternative NADH:UQ oxidoreductases, and almost nothing is known about the mechanisms underlying their metabolic regulation, especia
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br Acknowledgments We thank Jon Clardy Juan Manuel Dom nguez
2019-08-13
Acknowledgments We thank Jon Clardy, Juan Manuel Domínguez, José Francisco García Bustos, and the GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase project team for their contributions, helpful advice, and discussions. Introduction Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) i
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br Discussion The use of
2019-08-13
Discussion The use of carp primary cell cultures proved to be a valuable approach to evaluate the piscine immune response. A. hydrophila was a more potent stimulator of NO formation by carp leukocytes compared to commercial LPS often used for leukocyte stimulation (Mustafa and Olson, 1998, Chao e
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